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- #How to put grub on usb how to#
- #How to put grub on usb install#
- #How to put grub on usb drivers#
- #How to put grub on usb full#
In this case the GRUB bootloader can do the job directly, without the need of an initial Linux system. Note: If the computer was made between 20, it may contain USB drivers, but not an option to boot from USB.
#How to put grub on usb drivers#
A minimal Linux system contains the necessary USB drivers to continue the boot process.
#How to put grub on usb full#
They may not recognize USB drives initially, and may require operating system drivers to accomplish this.Īn alternative for older machines is to let the BIOS start a minimal Linux system on a BIOS supported drive such as a floppy disk, CD, or HD, and then transfer control to the USB drive to continue booting the full operating system.They may lack a BIOS setting to allow booting from USB.A modern BIOS (written after 2002) usually contains USB drivers and a boot from USB option but older computers often don't have these features. Uns ist nicht bekannt, dass es zu einem permanenten Defekt kommen kann, schließen aber jede Haftung in so einem Fall aus.PCs use a system called the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) to start the machine. Unter Umständen muss der USB-Stick mit einem speziellen Verfahren neu dann initialisiert werden. Leider steht sowas nie auf der Packung.ĭas oben beschriebene Verfahren kann dazu führen, dass es bei solchen USB-Sticks zu Fehlern kommt. implizit davon aus, dass der USB-Stick mit einem Windows-Dateisystem beschrieben wird, was man aus unserer Sicht durchaus als "Bug" bezeichnen kann. Sie missbrauchen scheinbar bestimmte Speicherbereiche, um Information zur Verwaltung des Flashspeichers abzulegen. Manche USB-Sticks verhalten sich gegenüber Linux nicht transparent. Die Bezeichnung für die Partition /dev/sda1 ist bei Grub ( hd0,0). Das Vorgehen ist aber exakt wie bei der Festplatte.
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Jetzt fehlt natürlich noch der Kernel, eine initial Ramdisk und eine Konfiguration für GRUB unter /boot/grub/menu.lst.
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If successful, you will be greeted by the prompt from GRUB: GNU GRUB version 0.96 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory) If so far you have done everything correctly, and nothing wrong, you should now be able to boot a PC from this USB stick. Important: Do not forget to unmount: umount /mnt Test
#How to put grub on usb install#
Now you can install GRUB in the MBR on the USB disk: grub-install -root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda Since GRUB names hard disks differently to the Linux kernel, we have to create a file by telling GRUB that /dev/sda is its first hard disk: echo '(hd0) /dev/sda' > /mnt/boot/grub/device.map We create this directory and copy the bootloader parts into it, most easily from our development system’s hard drive – which hopefully also boots with GRUB: mkdir -p cp /boot/grub/*stage* /mnt/boot/grub Grub is stored in the directory /boot/grub. First we mount the new partition after /mnt: mount /dev/sda1 /mnt Now we prepare a directory structure for GRUB and install it on the USB stick. of type ext2: mkfs.ext2 /dev/sda1 Install GRUB On this partition we create a file system, e.g. Important: For the kernel to really interpret the new partition table correctly, it may be necessary to unplug and re-plug the USB stick once. This can be done with fdisk /dev/sda or cfdisk /dev/sda, for example. Now we create a partition table with one partition and activate it (bootable flag). In the following we assume that /dev/sda is the same as the USB key.Īttention: the following command irretrievably deletes all data on this device! Make sure beforehand which device file your USB stick really addresses! cat /dev/zero > /dev/sdaĬat: write error: No space left on device If there are no SCSI, SATA or other USB storage devices connected to the system, the device used for the USB stick is usually /dev/sda.
#How to put grub on usb how to#
The following procedure illustrates how to install a working bootloader on a USB stick:įirst we overwrite the complete stick with zero bytes. You want to boot a Linux system from a USB stick.